Hydrocarbon contamination of water bodies in the Niger Delta
Hydrocarbon contamination of water bodies in the southern Nigeria appears as a sheen on the surface of water bodies. It appears due to the density difference between water and hydrocarbon. From hydro-geochemistry, I understand that these are light non-aqueous phase liquids (L-NAPLs). They are lighter than water, hence their ability to float. All hydrocarbons belong to this group. They are harmful to both humans and aquatic life. One of the consequences is wetland loss in the eastern part of Kogi state. I have noticed personally that most of the swampy lands (wetlands) in the eastern part of Kogi state are diminishing very quickly. These wetlands are an important part of the ecosystem as they create balance and purification in the ecosystem, and they serve as a means of buffer for catchments from flood hazards.
SDG 6 states that there should be clean water and sanitation for all. Sadly, this is not the case for many in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria due to pollution from the supposed natural resource they have been blessed with.
Consequences, if no action is taken include that inhabitants of the creeks will continue to drink and use hydrocarbon contaminated water which is detrimental to their health and total well-being.
It will be beneficial to create a unique spectral signature to identify them easily.
