SDG 5 - Gender equality | Space4Water Portal

Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls

While the world has achieved progress towards gender equality and women’s empowerment under the Millennium Development Goals (including equal access to primary education between girls and boys), women and girls continue to suffer discrimination and violence in every part of the world.

Gender equality is not only a fundamental human right, but a necessary foundation for a peaceful, prosperous and sustainable world. Unfortunately, at the current time, 1 in 5 women and girls between the ages of 15-49 have reported experiencing physical or sexual violence by an intimate partner within a 12-month period and 49 countries currently have no laws protecting women from domestic violence. Progress is occurring regarding harmful practices such as child marriage and FGM (Female Genital Mutilation), which has declined by 30% in the past decade, but there is still much work to be done to complete eliminate such practices.

Providing women and girls with equal access to education, health care, decent work, and representation in political and economic decision-making processes will fuel sustainable economies and benefit societies and humanity at large. Implementing new legal frameworks regarding female equality in the workplace and the eradication of harmful practices targeted at women is crucial to ending the gender-based discrimination prevalent in many countries around the world.

Facts and Figures

Globally, 750 million women and girls were married before the age of 18 and at least 200 million women and girls in 30 countries have undergone FGM.
In 18 countries, husbands can legally prevent their wives from working; in 39 countries, daughters and sons do not have equal inheritance rights; and 49 countries lack laws protecting women from domestic violence.
One in five women and girls, including 19 per cent of women and girls aged 15 to 49, have experienced physical and/or sexual violence by an intimate partner with the last 12 months. Yet, 49 countries have no laws that specifically protect women from such violence.
While women have made important inroads into political office across the world, their representation in national parliaments at 23.7 per cent is still far from parity.
Only 52 per cent of women married or in a union freely make their own decisions about sexual relations, contraceptive use and health care.
Globally, women are just 13 per cent of agricultural land holders.
More than 100 countries have taken action to track budget allocations for gender equality.
Women in Northern Africa hold less than one in five paid jobs in the non-agricultural sector. The proportion of women in paid employment outside the agriculture sector has increased from 35 per cent in 1990 to 41 per cent in 2015.
In 46 countries, women now hold more than 30 per cent of seats in national parliament in at least one chamber.
In Southern Asia, a girl’s risk of marrying in childhood has dropped by over 40% since 2000.
The rates of girls between 15-19 who are subjected to FGM (female genital mutilation) in the 30 countries where the practice is concentrated have dropped from 1 in 2 girls in 2000 to 1 in 3 girls by 2017.

Space-based technologies for SDG 5

Women remain under represented in STEM careers, including in the space sector. UNOOSA actively promotes gender equality and women’s empowerment in the space sector and wider STEM fields. UNOOSA’s SPACE4WOMEN project will create a network of women in STEM careers, provide a platform for them to exchange and act as mentors to young women.
Read more here.

SDG 5 Targets

Graphic displaying the full participation of women in leadership and decision making

Graphic displaying the universal access to reproductive health and rights

Graphic displaying equal rights to economic resources, and ownership and control over land and other forms of property, financial services, inheritance and natural resources

Graphic displaying the promotion of empowering women through technology

Graphic displaying the end to discrimination against all women and girls

Graphic displaying the adoption and strengthening of sound policies and enforceable legislation for the promotion of gender equality

Graphic displaying the end to all violence and exploitation of all women and girls

Graphic displaying the elimination of forced marriages and genital mutilation

Graphic displaying the valuing of unpaid care and the promotion of shared domestic responsibilities

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